Nasal polyps are benign growths inside the nasal passages that can affect breathing. They commonly grow large if left untreated and eventually obstruct airflow. The symptoms of nasal polyps depend on their size and location. If the polyp is small and near the nostril, the person may experience mild breathing problems. If the polyp is larger or located farther down the septum, it may obstruct airflow completely, resulting in chronic congestion or sinus infections. There are several warning signs associated with nasal polyps, including:
1. Runny nose
The most common sign of nasal polyps is a runny nose. When you have a runny nose, your nasal passages become congested and filled with mucus. This mucus can accumulate in the air spaces inside your nose, forming polyps. Chronic colds or allergies often lead to a runny nose, but they can also be caused by other medical conditions—such as allergies or sinus infections. If you have a persistent running nose, it is essential to see a doctor because it may indicate a more serious medical problem.
2. Postnasal drip
Postnasal drip can be a sign of polyps. Postnasal drip occurs when liquid and mucus drain from the nose and flow into your throat. This leakage can signify a more significant problem with your nasal passages, such as a polyp. If you experience this symptom, consult your doctor for an evaluation to determine if you have a polyp.
3. Decreased sense of taste and smell
Polyps, if left untreated, can cause problems with your sense of smell and taste. People with polyps experience more severe problems than those without polyps. The reason for this is unclear but may involve alterations in the function of nerve cells in the brain responsible for processing taste and smell information. Reduced or absent sense of smell may also be due to a sinus infection or obstruction of the nasal passage.
4. Facial pain and pressure or toothache
The most common symptom of polyps is facial pain or pressure. This may be caused by the polyp pressing on one of the nerves that run through your face. This pressure can cause discomfort and headache. In some cases, the polyp may block airflow into your nose, causing a sinus infection. The sinuses are two empty spaces in your skull that connect to your nasal cavity. When you have sinusitis, the tissues in those spaces become inflamed, which frequently causes tooth pain.
5. Persistent congestion
Polyps often cause persistent stuffiness or nasal congestion. Persistent stuffiness is when the airways in the nose are constantly clogged and unable to clear correctly. This can lead to inflammation and the growth of polyps. If left untreated, polyps can lead to more severe breathing issues requiring surgery.
If you experience any of these symptoms, you must see a doctor as soon as possible. It’s also worth noting that if you have had nasal surgery or nasal trauma in the past, you’re more likely to develop nasal polyps.
